The 77th COLPOFER General Assembly entitled “Challenges for the railways as a critical infrastructure company in the current geopolitical situation” was held in Riga on 30-31 May 2024, hosted by LDz. Over the meeting the greatest challenges we all are facing in an uncertain geopolitical landscape were addressed by the members and by eminent Latvian institutional guests. The pivotal role of the railways in connecting persons and economies shall be increasingly protected against potential risks posed by recurrent threats, as well as from emerging forms of aggression through a coordinated effort and a multidisciplinary approach involving technological innovations, policy frameworks, collaboration between public and private sectors, as well as ongoing education and training for security professionals and staff.